Friday, 11 November 2011

Glossary of Key Terms

Private Ownership:
Private Ownership is a company which sells things to other companies and not to the general public for example a radio company called 2CL who hires out things to other companies and organisations and not random people who ask.
Public Company:
This is a type of company which sells or hires out to  the general public. It is a limited liability company that sell things through stock exchange or market makers operating over a counter. Most company's start as privately owned companies but when they start getting bigger and more successful there is initial public offering where they convert to a publicly traded company.
Public Service Media:
public service media is like public broadcasting because they do exactly the same thing. They use lots of different media outlets who's aim is public service. They receive there funding through TV licenses and public and commercial financing. It can be nationally or locally operated  depending on the country and the station or company. 
A Multinational Company:
It is a cooperation or enterprise that delivers services in more that one country whether it be managing production or something else. They tend to have their management head quarters in one country, their main country and then smaller relative companies in others. They have a big effect on global economy's and play a big role in international relations.
A Independent Company:
an independent company is a privately owned business, whether it be starting fresh or a local village shop. There is normally no legal distinction between the owner and the business. 
Conglomerate/Parent Companies/Subsidiaries;
This is two or more corporations engaged in intirely different business's that fall under one cooperate structure. The usually involve parenting company's and many many subsidiaries. Conglomerates are often large and multi national. Parenting Companies are companies that owns enough voting stock in another firm to control management and operations by influencing people such as directors of a board. Subsidiaries is an entity that is controlled by a separate higher entity. they are either owned by a parenting company or a multinational company such as a conglomerate.
A Monopoly;
A monopoly exists when a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular commodity. monopoly's are characterized by the lack of economic competition to produce goods and lack a viable substitute goods.
A Oligopoly:
An oligopoly is a market form in which a market or industry is dominated by a small number of sellers. because there are few sellers oligopoly's are likely to be aware of others actions. The decisions of one firm of oligopoly's are influenced by another so on and so forth so when one thing changes within one firm everyone else changes too.
Globalisation:
Globalization refers to the increasing unification of the world's economic order through reduction of such barriers to international trade as tariffs, export fees, and import quotas.